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Dietary Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease Among Children of Low Socioeconomic Status
Palavras-chave - criança, consumo de alimentos, fatores de risco, colesterol, sódio
Keywords – child, food consumption, risk factors, cholesterol, sodium
Resumo
O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o consumo alimentar de risco para doenças cardiovasculares entre crianças de baixo nível socioeconômico. Estudo transversal com 307 crianças de 7 a 8 anos de idade. Coletaram-se dados maternos, familiares e realizaram-se dois inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas. A avaliação do consumo alimentar foi realizada com base nos pontos de corte da American Academy of Pediatrics: gordura total <30% do valor energético total (VET), gordura saturada <10% do VET, colesterol <300mg/dia e sódio <1200mg/dia. O consumo médio de energia foi de 1569,4±380,9 kcal. Foi observado consumo excessivo de gordura total, saturada e sódio, em 38,4%, 26,7% e 99,7%, respectivamente. Em relação ao colesterol, 95,8% das crianças possuíram consumo considerado adequado. O consumo alimentar encontrado sugere perfil de risco para doença cardiovascular, visto que as práticas alimentares na infância tendem a permanecer até a vida adulta.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess dietary risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among children. Cross-sectional study conducted with 307, 7 to 8 years old children. Maternal and family data was collected and two 24-hour recalls were conducted. The food intake assessment was carried out based on the cutoff levels established by the American Academy of Pediatrics: total fat <30% of total energy value (TEV), saturated fat <10% of TEV, cholesterol <300mg/day and sodium <1200mg/day. The mean energy intake of the children was 1569.4±380.9 kcal. It was found that 38.4% of the children presented a high intake of total fat, 26.7% of saturated fat and 99.7% of sodium. Cholesterol intake was appropriate, with 95.8% of the children consuming below the recommended level. The food intake of these children suggests a cardiovascular disease risk profile, considering that the eating habits developed in childhood tend to track into adulthood.
Recebido – 1/10/2012 aprovado – 20/11/2012